Enameling resistance units



L. KEBLER. ENAMELING RESISTANCE UNITS.

APPLlCATlON FILED MAR-M1919.

z m w Q U n a L. KEBLER. ENAMELI NG RESISTANCE UNITS. APPLICATION FILED "AR. 4. 1919.

1,361,869. Patented Dec. 14, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- avwewfoz AP? 'YCATION FILED MAR. 4, 1919- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

: z nuewfoz $5M, aflommuas Z PATENT OFFICE.

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nnncrmc COMPANY, A

NEW YORK,

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ASSIGNOB TO WARD LEONARD mum nnsis'mncn cnrrs.

Application filed March 4,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD KEBLER, a citizen 7 of the United States, residing at Bronxville, in the county of Westchester and' State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Enameling Resistance Units, of wh'ch" the following is a specification.

. The principal objects of my invention are to provide a new and improved method for enameling elongated resistance units and to provide certain suitable apparatus to be used in that connection. Another object is to provide for enameling such units b a continuous process. These and other 0 jects of my invention will become apparent on consideration of the disclosure of specific procedure and apparatus inthe following specification and the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that modifications may be made within the scope of my invention.

Referring to the drawings, which are diagrammatic,

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of appaparatus which may be employed in connec- Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the same apparatus,

Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross section on the line 33 of Fi 1, and

etail cross section of one of I Fig. 4 is a and its associated supthe resistance units porting element.

Prior to my invention resistance units have been prepared by taking a hollow earthenware cylinder, winding the resistance wire upon it in .helical course, providing terminals or taps, and,appl ing a 'coat of enamel to cover the wire an insulate it and hold it in definite relation upon the cylinder. The common way of enameling the tubes has been to mix up powdered glass in the form of a paste, which is coated upon the tubes after they have been wound with the wire as by dipping them in the paste. Then the tubes are dri d and then fired in a muffie furnace, which transforms the paste into a hardimpervious adherent vitreous coating. By my invention I have provided for enameling the tubes by what may be called a continuous process without any necessity for intermediate drying.

The chamber 11 has horizontal slots 13 on its sides extending from an end opening 39 and beside each such slot-13 on the outsi le Specification of Letters Patent.

, sprocket w terminal bands 19.

projections 16 'ed to the proper temperature.

1919. Serial N0. 280,520.

the track 36 and around the eel 35. The rods 14 are adapted to be laid across in the chamber 11 with their ends projecting throu h the slots 13 and engaged by the projections 16' on the chain 16. Each rod 14 carries the ar wheel 15 adapted to engage with the rac 12 so that while the rod 14 is traversed by the chains 16 it will be rotated by reason of the engagement of the gear wheel 15 with the rack 12.

Upon each rod there is mounted an earthenware tube 17 with the resistance conductor 18 wound thereon and its ends secured to the ning alon In an opening 30 in the top of the chamber 11, there is positioned a sieve 20 containing pc ,zdered glass 21. The frame 22 of this sieve has extensions 23 on one side, which rests in notches 24 in the support 25. On the other side there is an extension 26 resting in the notch 27 {in the support 28 and terminating in the ha dle 29.

A source of electric urrent 31.is rovided with conductors therefrom to the e ectrodes 32. The interior of each rod 14 is equipped.

with a-highresistance heatin conductor 33 wound within the shell 34 an with its ends carried out to the respective terminals 38 which are in engagement with the respective electrodes 32. A switch 37 is provid to control the application of the current.

The earthenware tubes 17 having been wound with the conductor 18 and the terminal members 19,. an attendant slips them on the rods 14,-one or more oneach such rod. As the chain 16 goes slowly around the sprocket wheel 35, the attendant drops the rods and tubes thus combined in front of the and the chain 16 carries the ends of the rods 14 into the slots 13 and slowly across to the right as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2. The gear 15 on each rod 14 enga ing the rack 12 causes the rod to rotate whi e it is being traversed. The terminals 38 .61! gage the electrodes 32 and the heat ng coil 33 within the rod 14 is energized. Since the tube 17 completely surrounds the heating coil 33, none of the heat generated can escape except through the walls of thetube 17. In this waythetube 17 is quickly heat- Since the heat comes from the inside toward the outside, the expansion of the-tube 17 is some- Patented Dec. 14, 1920.

V therefrom Invention.

from within as descrlbed above, I

what in advance of the expansion of the wire 18 wound thereon sothat the wire is kept tight all the time and there is no danger that the turns of the wire will become loosened and displaced and touch one another.

As the tubes 17 move transversely to. the right as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2 they become hotter and hotter until they pass under the basket sieve 20. This is reciprocated meanwhile, sifting the powdered glass down upon the heated tubes 17 passing thereunder. All this time the tubes are being rotated, and their heat is suiiicient to sinter the glass and make it adhere to the tubes and to fuse this adherent coating of glass into a clear vitreons enamel. Then as the tubes passon to the right, the terminals 38 leave the ends of the electrodes '32 cuttin ofi the current from within the tubes. T ey pass on to the right and the rods 14 can be removed by an attendant and the tubes taken off from them at a convenient stage all completely enam-l eled. The coating of enamel on a tube 17 is designated 17 in Fig. 2 and the enamel over the terminal 19 is marked 19'.

Instead of heatin the tubes electrically may ap ly heat within the chamber llfrom any suita 1e source to heat the tubes on their outsides as they pass from the entrance opening 39 to the right toward the sieve 20.

The foregoing disclosure is specific by way of example, but it will be understood that many modifications will fall within the scope of my I claim 1 The method of enameling tubular units WhlCh consists in applying enamel material on them, and beating them electrically from within. 7

2 The method of enameling tubular units which consists in beating them electrically from within, rotating them, and applying enamel material on them by causing the materlal to fallon them while the units are being rotated and heated.

3 The method of enameling tubular units, which consists in beating them electrically from within, rotating them, applying enamel material on them while being rotated and heated, and continuing the heating after the enamel'material has" been applied.

4. The method of enameling tubular res stance units which consists in mounting them on rods, rotating these rods, heating the tubular units, applying enamel materia on them while hot and being rotated, and fusing said material by the heat of the tubular units and thus forming an enamel coat on them.

5. The method of enameling hollow reslstance units which consists in heating them electr cally from within, rotating them, ap-

departing widely ing them, traversing them in a'direction transverse to their length, meanwhile applying enamel material on them, and fusing it by the heat of the units and thus forming an enamel coat on them. 7. The method of enameling resistance units which consists in arranging them side by. side in parallel relation, heatingthem, moving them alike in a direction transverse to their lengths, rotating them meanwh le, at the sametime applying enamel material on them, and fusing it by the heat of the units to form an adherent coat of enamel.

8. The method of enameling tubular resistance units which consists in mounting them on parallel rods side by side, traversing these rods in a direction transverse to their length, rotating them and beating them meanwhile, continuing the rotation and application of heat until they have reached a suitable temperature and r then applying enamel material on them, and. fusing it by theheat of the units and thus forming an enamel coat .on them.

9. The method of enameling tubular resistance units which consists in arranging them side by side in parallel relation on rods equipped with electric heating eleof the units to form .an adherent coat of enamel.

10. In combination, means to support a series of resistance units arranged side by side, means to rotate them, means to beat them, a container for finely divided enamel material and means to apply this material gradually and evenly upon the units while they are heated.

11. In combination, a series of rods to support respective resistance units thereon, electric heating elements in said rods, means to traverse said rods, means to rotate them meanwhile, meansto apply electric current to the heating elements therein, a container for finely divided enamel material and means to apply this material gradually and evenly upon the units while they are heated.

12. Apparatus for enameling a tubular unit comprising a central element passing through the unit, means for passing electric current through said element, and means for applying enamel material to said unit.

. 13. Apparatus for enameling a tubular unit, comprising a central element passing through the unit, means for passing electric.

current through said element, means for causing the unit to be rotated, and means or applying enamel material to said unit.

14. Apparatus for enameling a tubular unit, comprising a central support passed through said unit, means for electrically heating said support, and means for applying enamel material to said unit.

15. Apparatus for enameling a tubular unit comprising a central support passing through said unit, means for electrically heating said support, means for rotating said support, and means for applying enamel material to said unit.

16. Apparatus for enameling a tubular unit, comprising a central support passing through said unit, means for electrically heating said support, means for rotating said support and moving said support in a direction transverse to its length, and means for applying enamel material to said unit.

17. Apparatus for enameling a tubular unit comprising a central-supportpassing through said unit, means for moving said support in a direction transverse" to its, length and for rotating said support, and

means for appl ing enamel material to said unit during suc movement.

18. Apparatus for enameling a tubular unit, comprising a central support passing through said unit, means for moving said support in a direction transverse to its length, means engaged during such movement .for electrically heating said support, and means for applying enamel-material to said unit during such movement.

19. Apparatus for enameling a tubular LEONARD 'KEBLER. 

